Within the framework of the ministerial program aimed at enhancing the competencies of postgraduate students and developing their research skills, Assistant Professor Dr. Ahmed Anad Jirjis from the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences presented a specialized workshop entitled “The Independent Variable and the Dependent Variable.”

The workshop was conducted via the Google Meet platform. The presenter provided a precise scientific explanation of the concept of variables in scientific research, clarifying the mechanisms for identifying independent and dependent variables and highlighting their importance in formulating hypotheses and designing research methodology. He also presented applied examples illustrating how variables are addressed in experimental and correlational studies, in addition to discussing common errors made by researchers when defining variables and ways to avoid them in order to ensure the accuracy of research results.

The workshop witnessed notable interaction from the students, during which a number of scientific inquiries were raised and addressed by the presenter, who emphasized that a proper understanding of research variables constitutes a fundamental step in building rigorous research and achieving reliable scholarly outcomes.